The secrets of the mummy stolen by tombs of tombs 3,000 years ago reveal 3,000 years ago
Todas las momias de faraones encontradas en los siglos XIX y XX han sido examinadas con detalle desde hace mucho tiempo.Con una excepción: los egiptólogos nunca se han atrevido a abrir la momia del faraón Amenhotep I. No por una maldición mítica, sino porque está perfectamente envuelta, bellamente decorada con guirnaldas de flores y con el rostro y el cuello cubiertos por una exquisita mascarilla realista con bellas piedras de colores engastadas.
Now, for the first time, Egypt scientists have used three -dimensional computerized tomography to "digitally reveal" this real mummy and study its content.
"This fact that the mummy of Amethotep and had never developed in modern times gave us a unique opportunity," says Sahar Salem, the first author of the study that is published on Tuesday in the magazine Frontiers in Medicine."Not only to study how it had originally been mummified and buried, but also how they had treated and burst again twice, centuries after their death.".
The stolen and restored mummy
Because the striking thing is that this has not been the first time that the mummy of Amenhotep after his death was opened.The previous time occurred three millennia, in the eleventh century to.C., more than four centuries after its original mummification and burial.The hieroglyphs have described how during the last XXI dynasty, the priests restored and re -built real mummies of older dynasties, to repair the damage caused by the thieves of tombs.
"By digitally revealing the mummy and 'take off its virtual layers (the mask, bandages and mummy itself) we could study this pharaoh well preserved in an unprecedented detail," says Salem "we show that Amenhotep and was approximately 35 years old when he died.He measured approximately 169 cm high, was circumcised and had good teeth.Within its wraps, he had 30 amulets and a single gold belt with gold accounts ”.
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Post Mortem mutilations
"Amenhotep i seems to have physically like his father: he had a narrow chin, a small and narrow nose, curly hair and slightly outgoing upper teeth," they add researcher.“We could not find any wound or disfiguration due to a disease to justify the cause of death, except numerous muthem mutilations, presumably for tomb thieves after its first burial.The first mummals had taken his bowels, but not his brain or his heart ".
The mummy of Amethotep I (whose name means 'Amun is satisfied') was discovered in 1881 - among other real mummies buried again - on the archaeological site of the Bahari in southern Egypt.The second pharaoh of the XVIII Dynasty of Egypt, Amenhotep, ruled from approximately 1525 to 1504 to.C.His was a kind of golden age: Egypt was prosperous and safe, while Pharaoh ordered the construction of numerous religious buildings and directed successful military expeditions to Libya and northern Sudan.After his death, he and his mother Ahmose-Neferti were worshiped as gods.
Mummy's smile
Sahar Saleem and the co -author of the Zahi Hawass studio had previously speculated that the main intention of the 10th century restaurateurs was to reuse the real burial team for the posterior pharaohs.But here they refute their own theory."We demonstrated that at least for Amenhotep I, the priests of the 21st Dinasty repaired with love the wounds inflicted by the thieves of graves, restored their mummy to their ancient glory and preserved the magnificent jewels and amulets in their place," explains Salem.
Among the most striking findings is the perfect state of its teeth.
Hawass and Salem studied more than 40 real mummies of the New Kingdom in the project of the Egyptian Antiquity Ministry that was launched since 2005. Veintidós momias reales, incluida la de Amenhotep I, fueron trasladadas en abril de 2021 a un nuevo museo en ElCairo.El rostro de la momia de Amenhotep I con su máscara fue el icono del espectacular 'Royal Golden Mummy Parade' el 3 de marzo de 2021 en ElCairo.
"We demonstrate that computerized tomography can be used in a profitable way in anthropological and archaeological studies on mummies, including those of other civilizations, for example, Peru," concludes Salem and Hawass.
Referencia: Digital unwrapping of the mummy of King Amenhotep I (1525-1504 BC) usingComputed Tomography (CT) (Frontiers in Medicine) DOI 10.3389/Fmed.2021.778498
